Scientific journal
Journal of Food and Nutrition Research
Summary No. 2 / 2017
Błaszczyk, U. – Sroka, P. – Satora, P. – Duliński, R.
Effect of Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Pichia membranifaciens killer toxins on fermentation and chemical composition of apple wines produced from high-sugar juices
Journal of Food and Nutrition Research, 56, 2017, No. 2, s. 189-199
Urszula Błaszczyk, Department of Fermentation Technology and Technical Microbiology, University of Agriculture, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland. E-mail: u.blaszczyk@ur.krakow.pl, tel.: +48 12 6624790, fax: +48 12 6624798
Received 2 December 2016; 1st revised 7 March 2017; 2nd revised 10 April 2017; accepted 25 April 2017; published online 21 May 2017
Summary: Killer toxins are proteinaceous compounds that could be considered as a biological alternative to sulphur dioxide for the prevention of wine spoilage by undesirable wild yeasts. The current study investigated the influence of crude killer toxins secreted by Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Pichia membranifaciens strains on the fermentation process and chemical composition of apple wines. The main oenological parameters (ethanol, extract, total sugars, reducing sugars, titratable acidity) of obtained apple wines as well as selected volatile compounds and organic acids were analysed. It was revealed that the application of crude killer toxins to apple juices inoculated with Saccharomyces strains did not significantly change the fermentation kinetics, however, in most of the cases, the apple wines were distinguished by a slightly higher concentration of ethanol compared to the control samples fermented without killer toxins. The volatile acidity of the wines depended on yeast strain used in fermentation rather than on the type of killer toxin. It was also found that the addition of crude toxins slightly changed levels of several aroma components, however, the yeast strains used for the fermentation process contributed considerably to variations in profiles and concentrations of volatile compounds.
Keywords: killer toxin; fermentation; apple wine; volatile compounds; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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